Canadian Military History Gateway

Title: From Colony to Country - War of 1812 - Toops and Traditions - War on L...

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Description: An annotated listing of works about military operations in the War of 1812. This bibliography is part of "From Colony to Country: A Reader's Guide to Canadian Military History."

Site: Library and Archives Canada

Title: From Colony to Country - War of 1812 - General References - Forts and ...

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Description: A listing of works about the forts of the War of 1812, such as Fort George and Fort St. Joseph, as well as forts in Niagara and Kingston. This bibliography is part of "From Colony to Country: A Reader's Guide to Canadian Military History."

Site: Library and Archives Canada

Title: The Siege of Fort Erie

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Description: After losing at Lundy's Lane in July 1814, the Americans fell back to Fort Erie, and were besieged there. Both sides took heavy losses during the August-September siege, and fought with great determination. The British fell back in defeat, but the Americans withdrew as well in November.

Site: National Defence

Title: A More Bellicose British Strategy

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Description: In 1814, peace in Europe meant reinforcements for the British forces in North America, which almost doubled in size between May and August. An invasion force of 11,000 commanded by Governor Prevost was assembled and headed south towards the American base at Plattsburgh.

Site: National Defence

Title: Officer, Glengarry Regiment of Fencible Light Infantry, 1812-1816

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Description: When the Glengarry Regiment of Fencible Light Infantry were raised in 1812, they were given uniforms that copied the 95th Regiment of Foot, a prestigeous British rifle regiment that had built a fine reputation serving against the French in Spain. The officers of the Glengarry regiment wore the same dark green jacket with black facings and silver buttons. The crimson officer's sash was worn over the right shoulder in the fashion of Scottish regiments - appropriate for a unit whose recruits included many emmigrants from Scotland. Reconstruction by Robert J. Marrion. (Canadian War Museum)

Site: National Defence

Title: Fort Niagara, 1814

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Description: Fort Niagara was built by the French in 1726, and fell to the British in 1759. In 1796, it was turned over to the United States following Jay's Treaty. The fort was captured during a surprise assault by British and Canadian troops on 31 December 1813. It was returned to the United States after the end of the War of 1812. This view appeared in the Philadelphia magazine 'The Port Folio' of April 1814. Note the British civil ensign (red with the Union flag in the canton) flying over the fort.

Site: National Defence

Title: Fort Chambly

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Description: The third fort on this site, construction began on Fort Chambly in 1709. It was made of stone and looked rather like a castle. This made it different from the low-lying, bastioned fortresses of Europe. The fort was built to be impressive and all but impregnable to Indian enemies and raiding American colonials. The fort wall facing the Richelieu River was pierced for artillery. During the War of 1812, Fort Chambly was the HQ for British and Canadian troops guarding the area south of Montreal against an advance by American armies. The complex fell into ruins during the 19th century. Its walls were stabilized in 1885 when it was made a Canadian government historic park. Recognized as a unique surviving example of military architecture, Fort Chambly was given a major restoration in the 1980s by Parks Canada. This returned the fort to its appearance of the mid-18th century.

Site: National Defence

Title: Bloody Exchanges at Chippawa and Lundy's Lane

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Description: The Americans, led by General Brown, crossed the Niagara River on 3 July 1814. They swiftly captured Fort Erie, and gave an astonished force of British regulars a bloody nose at Chippawa. The invasion was contained by a confused and very bloody battle at Lundy's Lane.

Site: National Defence

Title: Plan of Fort Erie in September 1814

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Description: The British post at Fort Erie was extensively rebuilt by the Americans who captured it during the summer of 1814. The view here shows the rebuilt fort surrounded by the American camp as in September 1814.

Site: National Defence

Title: Private, Glengarry Regiment of Fencible Light Infantry, 1812-1816

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Description: Correctly fearing the outbreak of war with the United States, Governor General Provost ordered the creation of the Glengarry Regiment of Fencible Light Infantry early in 1812. Recruiting began in the Scottish settlements on the St. Lawrence River in Upper Canada (present-day Ontario), but soon expanded to include the Maritime colonies and the rest of Upper Canada. The unit saw service throughout the War of 1812. Their uniform - dark green coat with black facings and white lace - was copied from the 95th Regiment of Foot, a specialist regiment of riflemen in the regular British army. The Glengarry Light Infantry were armed with muskets, however, not rifles. Reconstruction by Gerald A. Embleton. (Parks Canada)

Site: National Defence

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