Français  Contact Us  Help  Search  Canada Site Volume 1 (1000–1754) Volume 2 (1755-1871) Volume 3 (1872–2000) CHAPTER 1 The Conquest Military Situations at the Start of the War Reinforcements from Europe It's War! The Anglo-American Attack General Braddock's Disaster General Dieskau's Defeat The Acadian Tragedy General Montcalm Takes Oswego Tensions Among the French Staff The British Invasion Strategy The French Take Fort William Henry The British Lay Siege to Louisbourg French Victory at Ticonderoga The Invasion of the Ohio Valley A Change in Tactics General Mobilization in Canada The Siege of Quebec The Battle of the Plains of Abraham Quebec Surrenders Other Fronts The War Continues in Canada The Battle of Sainte-Foy The Arrival of Reinforcements The Final Invasion The Surrender The Fate of the Canadian Officers The Military Regime England Wins the War The Treaty of Paris CHAPTER 2 The Revolt of Pontiac and the American Invasion CHAPTER 3 The Coveted Pacific Coast CHAPTER 4 The Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812 CHAPTER 5 Demobilization CHAPTER 6 The Royal Navy, Ruler of the Seas CHAPTER 7 A Decade of Turbulence APPENDIX A The British Armed Forces APPENDIX B Daily Life of Soldiers and Officers APPENDIX C Uniforms and Arms APPENDIX D Reference      CHAPTER 1 The Conquest           Quebec Surrenders ( 1 page )                     The death of General James Wolfe, as painted by Benjamin West. (Click image to enlarge) This decisive battle lasted only a half hour, but the losses were great on both sides: 658 British dead and wounded, approximately the same number of French.  Both generals were mortally wounded.  Wolfe was shot in the chest - probably by Canadian militia snipers - while leading his Louisbourg Grenadiers on a charge.  He asked those close to him to support him when they took him away so the soldiers would not see him fall.  Four men were stretching him out on the ground when one of them cried, "They run, see how they run."  "Who runs?" asked Wolfe.  "The enemy, Sir."  Wolfe added before expiring, "Now, God be praised, I will die in peace .” 16 Montcalm was injured in the lower belly while attempting to organize the retreat.  Four soldiers, helping him to maintain his balance on his horse, took him back to Quebec, and the frightened populace learned of the defeat from the routed soldiers who were running in the streets.  At the hospital it was determined that nothing could be done for the French general, for his injury was mortal.  Vaudreuil, who was at Beauport and wanted to counterattack immediately, wrote to him for advice.  Montcalm, feeling this would be too risky, recommended that the army retreat and the city surrender.  Vaudreuil gave in and ordered the retreat during the night.  Montcalm died at dawn on September 14 and Quebec surrendered three days later. 17           Additional Images           Click image to enlarge   Last Updated: 2004-06-20 Important Notices